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特斯拉工程副總拆解新 Roadster 後驅、吸地風扇與冷氣體推進器

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特斯拉工程副總拆解新 Roadster 後驅、吸地風扇與冷氣體推進器

原片標題:The FLYING Tesla Roadster explained by the man who engineered it

原片說明
You’ve probably seen by now, that the new Tesla Roadster can fly. And flip. And drive upside down. But how does it do all that? Henry Catchpole met up with Lars Moravy, VP for Vehicle Engineering at Tesla, to talk through all the details of the long awaited new car and see how Optimus and SpaceX helped. Flying aside, a few things have changed since a new Roadster was teased by Elon Musk over a decade ago. For a start, it is now a two-seater, rather than a 2+2 and the styling, by Franz von Holzhausen, is much sleeker and more in-keeping with traditional supercar wedges. We particularly like the pop-down (not pop-up) headlights, but the moving body panels in general are not only clever but rather beautiful. There will be three versions of the Tesla Roadster, initially, all with over a megawatt (1341hp) and 1400NM (1033lb ft) from two motors driving the rear wheels alone. Yes, the Tesla Roadster is rear-wheel drive. The Performance model adds fans and skirts into the equation, much like the McMurtry Pure, enabling it to generate huge downforce at low speeds and significantly improve traction. The Thrust version then adds a quartet of Cold Gas Thrusters (CGTs) to the back of the car. These are fed from a 200-litre tank of compressed Nitrogen that sits behind the seats and help to deliver the Roadster to 60mph in just 0.85seconds. The Rocket version then adds another 400-litre tank in place of the passenger seat and six more thrusters - one in each corner and two at the sides. This is the version that can leave the ground and claims an astonishing 0-60mph of just 0.55 seconds (although that is a rollout figure). Tyre size, battery technology, robot actuators, the interior with its yoke and much more are all in the film as well. We hope you enjoy it. Let us know what you think in the comments down below. If you would like to show your support for the Hagerty channel then liking and subscribing really does help. And don’t forget that if you are in need of an insurance quote for that special car, then just click this link… www.hagerty.com/Henry #tesla #roadster #teslaroadster #flyingcar #hagerty Subscribe to our channel and turn on notifications! http://bit.ly/HagertyYouTube Visit our website for an insurance quote, to join Hagerty Drivers Club, and for daily automotive news, cars stories, reviews, and opinion: https://www.hagerty.com

這台車根本是把戰鬥機的邏輯塞進四個輪子裡。我看完的第一個反應是:特斯拉這次不是在做車,是在做一台可以掛牌上路的地面飛行器。Hagerty 的 Henry Catchpole 跟著特斯拉車輛工程副總 Lars Moravy 把這台 Roadster 從頭拆給你看,從只有後輪驅動這件事開始,一路講到車尾那套 SpaceX 冷氣體推進器。

白色車身線條像航太零件混搭摺紙
白色車身線條像航太零件混搭摺紙01:54

影片時間軸

  1. 00:23新 Roadster 現身,主持人說這可能是世界上最不尋常的車
  2. 02:37Lars 開口第一件事:這台車只有後輪驅動
  3. 03:28說明 4680 電池改用雙面冷卻,充電可以超快
  4. 04:40打開車頭,看到更大、更複雜的電池與專用電芯
  5. 09:00講懸吊:自適應阻尼器,賽道模式車高降 40mm、硬度變三倍
  6. 09:13頭燈不是彈起式,是往下收的設計
  7. 10:09車身面板藏活動翼,前緣可動 80 度導流
  8. 12:52四顆風扇做吸地系統,低速也能產生下壓力
  9. 15:32車尾 200 公升碳纖維壓力容器,容納一萬 psi 氣體
  10. 15:52結合吸地與推進器,零到六十英里只要 0.55 秒
  11. 20:20補滿 600 公升氣體要六到七小時
  12. 23:24現場擺了四五台原型車,煞車與轉向都是線傳
  13. 26:35主持人看完發表會後說更驚嘆,但也更困惑
打開車頭看那組專用電池
打開車頭看那組專用電池04:40

只有後輪驅動,但馬力比 Plaid 還大

Lars 自己先招認,這台車只有後驅,對一家做了十幾年全輪驅動效能車的車廠來說確實意外。但後軸那兩顆馬達功率密度很高,扭力和馬力加起來比 Plaid 還大。他的說法是,這是他們刻意往「駕駛者之車」方向推的結果。這段聽起來像在替後驅背書,不過資料擺出來,質疑的聲音大概會小一點。

往下收的頭燈,比彈起式更酷
往下收的頭燈,比彈起式更酷09:13

電池與冷卻才是這台車的底層邏輯

這顆 4680 電芯是特斯拉自己開發的,重點在散熱。原本單面冷卻不夠,改成雙面冷卻後散熱能力大幅提升,充電速度也跟著上來。Lars 提到目標是 15% 充到 80% 只要十分鐘,賽道日跑完一節回來補電,可以玩一整天。這段是整支影片最技術、也最能看出這台車不是隻靠噱頭的地方。

四顆風扇組成的吸地系統
四顆風扇組成的吸地系統12:52

吸地系統加上推進器,才是那個 0.55 秒

車底那四顆風扇用的是熱泵系統裡的高壓壓縮機馬達,概念是先把車吸在地上,突破輪胎抓地力的物理限制。再配上車尾的冷氣體推進器,零到六十英里做到 0.55 秒,Lars 說這跟單引擎戰鬥機差不多。主持人當場愣住。後面補充這是 rollout 數據,實際可能要加個零點一秒多,但還是荒謬地快。

車尾那顆碳纖維壓力容器
車尾那顆碳纖維壓力容器15:32

推進器用氮氣,代價是六到七小時的填充時間

冷氣體推進器用的是氮氣,理由跟衛星在太空用的氣體一樣。壓力容器做到一萬 psi,是因為壓力越高,可用的推力曲線面積越大,不會打到後面開始軟腳。但這段也藏了一個現實問題:要把 600 公升全部補滿,得花六到七個小時。聽完這個數字,那個飛行畫面的浪漫感會稍微降溫一點。

現場四五台原型車排開
現場四五台原型車排開23:24

值得下載嗎

值得,如果你想知道這台車到底怎麼運作,這是目前最深入的第一手拆解。但要有心理準備:主持人自己在片尾都說,他更驚嘆也更困惑,看不出這台車要怎麼真的上市。當技術展示看很過癮,當成一台你會買到的車,先別太認真。

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